Portable RS3D usage for HVSR

Just sharing some work I’ve been doing to make the shake a little more portable. I have been experimenting with using the Shake 3D as a portable seismometer to collect data for HVSR analysis, primarily for bedrock characterization. See here for more info.

Our main RS3D system right now uses the outdoor turnkey with a converter a colleague added on to go from a 12v battery to 5v input. However, I have also been experimenting with making something completely self-contained, and have had some limited success. I am going to describe what I’ve done below a) to potentially get some input for improvement and b) to document this so I don’t forget later :smile:

Materials I’ve used:

  • RS3D DIY Kit
  • Zulkit 5.9"x5.9"x3.9" Hinged Junction box (for ease of access since I’m still figuring this out)
  • Sunfounder pipower
  • Some ip65/7 panel ports (1x USB, 1x ethernet, 1x usb-c power, and 1x power switch)
    • I don’t remember if those are the exact products
    • The power switch and power cable both go to the pipower (switch is soldered to the switch pin and ground w/resistor)
  • 4x heat-insert nuts (usually for 3d printing) and threaded legs/feet
  • Laser cut a bottom plate (thanks to my local library’s laser cutter!), see image below (also had to get a thread tap/die from the hardware store)
    GlowForge_BottomBoxAcrylicforRBShake3D_Reconfigured_smallPage

This certainly is not a perfect setup, but it has worked ok. See chart below for a quick comparison and see Tinkercad model of the setup

From what I can tell of the drawbacks or things to be improved upon so far:

  • Generally this is all “prototype” level of craftsmanship and materials, so all around could probably improve on things
  • Not sure if/how much the power supply is interfering. Any additional noise seems to be more a matter of poor craftsmanship on my part than anything inherent to the system.
    • I currently have just mounted with battery to an empty location on the bottom plate with velcro…this is probably not ideal
  • The specific junction box has a lot of benefits, but does not have a great place for mounting the feet, so the feet are not very deeply inserted into the box (probably reduces the quality of the ground coupling). Having a plate like what’s on the Outdoor turnkey system would probably help.
  • Battery life is a little over 5 hours in ideal conditions (less in the field).
    • We usually do 30 minute sites, and with a USB-C charger it can be charged relatively easily in the car.

Pros:

  • Though slightly larger than the proprietary seismometer, this unit is about as portable and faster to deploy
  • The external ports are much easier to work with than the IP67 turnkey when unplugging and plugging a lot.

We were actually able to do a comparison of four Shakes and a proprietary seismometer called the Tromino (which is probably the industry leader for HVSR acquisition), at the same site at the same time. The chart below shows some of that (we gave the shakes names so we could identify which was which…“Rita” is the one that we have tried to portable-ize).

Some notes from my perspective:

  • The peak frequency is the main data point of interest, and they align pretty well across the board. (Yay!)
  • The commercial/proprietary seismometer seems to do better/have less noise at lower frequencies
  • The Shakes seem to have a higher amplitude resonant peak (!), which is good
  • Rita (aka, the portable prototype) performed well enough at this location, but the background/ambient peak resonance is less than all the others (smaller, wider, and perhaps shifted lower)

Oh yeah, here’s a few pictures of the thing:

And one picture of them in the field (this is the site used to make the chart above. Not pictured is the buckets/bins we use to cover the seismometers for sun/wind protection):

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THANK YOU FOR THIS. I really enjoyed the details @rbalik

Looks like a peer-reviewed paper could come of this.

I have some questions for you.

How are you coupling the Tromino to the ground? Same as the Shakes? Just placing it there with no spike?

What does the Tromino use inside? A geophone also? If you have the specifications document, can you send that over? Also, how much does a Tromino cost?

Do you have a second Tromino you can test side-by-side with this one?

And, finally, would you be interested in working with my team to convert this to a blog post at The Latest Earthquake & Earth Monitoring News from Raspberry Shake?

branden

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Hello @branden. Glad you enjoyed it.

The Tromino setup is similar in many ways to the RS Turnkey setup. It has three stainless steel legs that are actually the same threading as what comes with the turnkey, though a bit longer. All of the seismometers in that picture have their legs pushed into the ground. This is what we usually do, which is why I thought it would be ok for the “prototype” version to have 4 legs for the time being (they are all being pushed into the ground regardless, so don’t have to be perfectly balanced). The SESAME project in many ways formalized tje HVSR technique, they have suggestions on page 18 and 19 of this document that we mostly adhere to.

The Tromino is also a 3-component seismometer. I don’t have specific documentation on the geophones used (I think they keep that pretty close to the vest), but my (not necessarily correct) understanding is that they have a lower corner frequency and that they might have a dynamic software algorithm to help reduce noise in the lower frequencies. My rough estimate when we bought the first Shake was that the materials were about 4x as expensive as the Shake, all in (after GPS antenna and extra power supply materials we had to buy, etc.). We DID have a second Tromino, but a truck ran over it…which is why we started experimenting with Shakes!

Hope that is helpful!

Love those truck incidents :wink:

There technical specifications document is light on specs: TROMINO for Geology - Dynamic characterization of subsoils and more...

Can you open it and send a photo? I am wondering if they are normal 4.5 Hz geophones (likely) or 1 Hz geophones.

Branden

I’ll see if I can look into our broken one, but no promises haha.

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